ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Poland is witnessing a migration crisis caused by the ongoing military conflict in Ukraine. In addition to housing and necessities, 1.8 million Ukrainians that had taken refuge in Poland must have access to medical care. We aim to propose a strategy for implementing the changes in the Polish health care system in response to the Ukrainian refugee crisis. METHODS: A literature review on organizational changes in the functioning of health care systems during the migration crises worldwide in recent years and brainstorming in order to develop a strategy for implementing changes in the Polish health care system in response to the Ukrainian refugee crisis. RESULTS: The proposed strategy for implementing the changes in the Polish health care system is based on building health care resilience and adaptation to different crises. The operational objectives of organization-related activities are: (1) preparation of medical facilities to provide help for refugees, (2) development and implementation of the communication system, (3) implementation of available digital solutions, (4) organization of the diagnostic and medical services, (5) and implementation of changes in the management of medical facilities. CONCLUSIONS: Urgent reorganization is required to respond to an unavoidable increase in the demand for health care services.
Subject(s)
Military Personnel , Refugees , Humans , Poland , Ukraine , Delivery of Health CareABSTRACT
ObjectivesCervical cancer mortality in Poland is high. Since the COVID pandemic lasts, access to diagnostics and diagnosticians has been severely limited. To deal with this problem, a complete system was built and implemented (multilayer LBC sample scanner and software), which enabled quick and accurate diagnostics. Due to limitations in the availability of diagnosticians, a support system during diagnostics based on artificial intelligence algorithms was launched, as well as the possibility of remote viewing for many diagnosticians for the same multi-layer scans of samples. It is possible to access the history of the patient. The diagnostics and software indications are marked on the scan. However, the final diagnosis is always made by cyto-screeners.MethodsThe software uses the artificial neural network (U-NET architecture) designed to recognize suspicious regions and neural network (VGG) allowing to determine the type of disorder in line with Bethesda classification. A machine learning element (fuzzy K-Means) was added – responsible for the fusion of the patient’s history (eg. addictions, diseases) with the neural network system results..Results839 (LBC) samples were evaluated by cyto-sreeners. Cytological abnormalities were found in 122 (14.5%) cases. Selected samples with diagnosed abnormality were a model to teach the artificial intelligence algorithms. Preliminary results obtained with use of U-NET ,VGG and fuzzy k-Means so far indicate 93–97% compliance with results obtained using standard methods.ConclusionsFurther refinement of neural networks is necessary to reduce the number of false positives and false negatives. A study with a larger sample size is required to evaluate the software.
ABSTRACT
Based on the material obtained from focus group interviews conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, the article analyses the mechanisms used by employers towards employees, as well as the adaptation strategies applied by those in precarious employment in Poland. The authors? considerations refer to anti-worker changes introduced under the pretext of the pandemic in the capitalist labour market: layoffs and cuts in wages, manifestations of discrimination against precarious workers and the potential attitudes of employee self-defence. The authors conclude that it is almost certain that under the conditions of post-pandemic capitalism, the number of the precariat will grow and the neoliberal system will want to retain as many of the anti-worker solutions introduced in the shadow of the pandemic as possible.JEL codesJ70, J81, J28
ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of research conducted on a representative sample of Polish society and concerning their attitudes towards energy policy, the role and importance of coal, the preferred energy model and the future of Upper Silesia, which is the largest active coal basin in Europe. The context of the COVID 19 pandemic, which caused high morbidity among miners, popularised the challenge of energy transition in Poland, where energy continues to be largely based on coal. The authors defend the thesis that the main lines of conflict regarding the demand to move away from coal are political and ideological at the level of public opinion. The advocates of the coal status quo are supporters of the right-wing populist Law and Justice (PiS) and Confederation (Konfederacja) parties. Left-wing and liberal groups are most conducive to energy transition and ecological demands. Residents of large cities, as well as better educated and less religious people are more open to energy transition. Despite the divisions regarding the date of abandoning coal in Poland, there is social agreement that the government should financially support the activities transforming Upper Silesia into a region producing clean energy.